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cathoderaydude
@cathoderaydude

Got a comment I've been waiting for for a long time:

I don't think we called programs "apps" back in the day

I know it feels that way. It really does. But it's not true; the word is ancient.

In print, you can find it in various magazines going back to 86 here and there. Since it's a pretty obvious abbreviation for the fairly lengthy word 'application' it got independently invented many times. But in '89 Dvorak (seemingly) coined "killer app," and pretty much overnight it became a common term in publications, PC Mag uses it heavily throughout the early 90s.

Among nerds however it seems to go back much further; I tried a Google Groups search for "before:1989/01/01 "apps" " (apps in quotes) and found, for instance, one Scott Miller opining in November 1984 that "Some [UNIX] apps will in fact port just by recompiling." There are tons of other hits from the mid to late 80s; this was absolutely A Thing. And why wouldn't it be? Do you want to spell out Applications over and over and over? Abbreviations are a universal element of natural language.

I think the reason that it feels like a neologism is because prior to the smartphone explosion, most people simply didn't talk or think about computer software. Those who did were nerds, and we used a mix of terms: "applications", "programs", "apps", "software." Up through the 2000s however most end users thought of everything their PC could do as inherent functionality, and didn't really distinguish between the computer, the OS, and the programs running within it, so they had little reason to use any of these terms.

Smartphones made the practice of installing new software on a device a vastly more common experience for the everyday user, and at the same time they taught everyone that the only name for these things was "apps." It's not a new word by any means, but a lot more people are using it now, and it's the only term they use because they've never heard any of the others. As a result it feels like it came out of nowhere, and (probably more importantly) for nerds like us who think of themselves as old heads, it's very easy to knee-jerk-associate it with The Unwashed Masses.

"oh, that's the term that Lusers use, they don't know it's called a Program."


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in reply to @cathoderaydude's post:

It was really inevitable that we settled on "apps" for smartphones, since Apple had been using "Applications" since System 7 at the absolute latest (I'm too lazy to dig deep on this). Why would they mix it up for the iPhone?

What I mean to say is that Apple has been using "applications" as its term of choice for decades, it'd make sense that they'd continue using it for the iPhone, which we'd all colloquially reduce to "apps" for the reasons Gravis outlined above.

and didn't really distinguish between the computer, the OS, and the programs running within it, so they had little reason to use any of these terms.

even then, when users needed something specific, they called it by name or used it as a synonym. Like, it's not "please install a graphics editing program on my pc", it's "please install Photoshop on my pc"

I feel that it was the same thing on the Classic Mac OS side, from having tried out recently a Macintosh which had a Tetris version installed that had a "DA" version, which I imagine stands for "Desktop Applet". Maybe the System 7 (the OS version installed on this Macintosh) manual also talks about the built-in tools (calculator, puzzle, Chooser, etc.) as (desktop) applets?

Bit of a British/ARM thing:
The original ARM desktop operating system, RISC OS, released in the late 80s (87/88) and had two supporting discs with programs that were called "Apps 1" and "Apps 2".

Later in 1992 with the release of RISC OS 3, these were moved into ROM and accessible from the icon bar.
So if you google images of RISC OS 3, you'll see in the bottom left, icons for the hard drive, floppy drive and then an "Apps" icon.

From a later version (I think from RISC OS 3.5) the Apps icon would also include any applications from the primary hard disc that were in a top level directory called "Apps". This was effectively the equivalent of Window's Start Menu at that point (although all this was before Windows 95).

The OS also generally called program "Applications", using a special directory to contain all the various files (creating any directory starting with a ! would make it an "application directory) and the default icon for such a directory has "APP" written on it.

So parts of computing were calling them 'apps' two decades before App Stores were a thing.

Some Classic Mac OS applications had smaller versions and I believe that they were referred to as "DA" or Desktop applet Desk Accessories. I have tried out a Macintosh which had a version of Tetris that had two programs (excluding the colour version): Tetris and Tetris DA. The DA version was lightweight, had no music or advanced graphics and thus used less RAM, and ran in a window which allowed multitasking (if you ran it on System 5 or later, with MultiFinder).