the way i accidentally learned about everything enough to find most things if I need to is i just wiki things I don't recognize, i quickly fact check things I'm not sure about, etc.
and that serves as a first pass, and then it:
- comes up again
or - having gotten a surface level understanding, I've also expanded my vocabulary to "knowing subfields/related concepts exist" for that category
repeat over the years, getting more specific as the situation warrants -- going deep opens you up to so many perpendicular fields and ways of thinking that it's never not worth it. taking notes means you don't have to retrace your steps, but I've only been doing that for two years and mostly I'm just pasting chains of URLs.
you can use something like promnesia, too, but it's a lot of work.
but i cannot state it enough that my superpower is, at heart, knowing that looking everything up opens you up to way more ways to relate to everything, and enables you to easily traverse even niche focus areas without any sort of standard word to call it.
one of the few things you get both better and faster at, and it's at most the same amount of hassle as posting on Reddit
(it will also make you way better at your job accidentally)