I have come back to you as I left: a fool.
there are single measures in Percy Grainger's movement 5 "Lord Melbourne" of his suite Lincolnshire Posy that have written time signatures of "(2 1/2) / 4" and "(1 1/2) / 4" so yeah probably
i say this with utmost sincerity: measures can do anything they want. played a piece by a friend in college that had a couple bars of 5/6 thrown in
Not sure what kind of piece you were working on, but there are definitely some folk traditions that’ll drop beats in an otherwise “normal” song, they’re sometimes called “crooked tunes”. I think we’re pretty used to the idea that music can be whatever it wants to be in avant-garde and experimental contexts, but it can hit you out of the blue in fiddle music too. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crooked_tune
A good example is the Carter Family rendition of “Can The Circle Be Unbroken” which drops beats in the second verse: https://youtu.be/qjHjm5sRqSA