honestly we wonder sometimes if the e-waste + rare resource usage + complexity of manufacturing of led bulbs might make them worse in some ways then incandescents (which as we understand, are made of relatively more mundane and inert materials, despite mining still being required), even taking into account the energy savings
like surely, throwing out an entire string of (badly made and ugly) led fairy lights when it dies 2 years after you buy it, and needing to purchase a new set, is worse in some ways then periodically replacing the simple little tungsten-thread-in-glass-tube bulbs of an incandescent fairy light set?
do the energy savings really offset the piles of e-waste being created