Periodical cicadas are the North American species known to spend yeeeeears underground and all emerge in one absolutely ginormous generation at once. Some are more famous than others but that's their deal and we know it: 13 or 17 years as underground nymphs, then bam, everyone goes adult at the same time.
Annual cicadas, despite the name, seem to do this too! Every species that has been checked so far spends years as underground nymphs slurping on tree roots; they're called "annual" because we see reasonable populations of them every year, but the current thinking is that they maintain the annual coverage by having successive broods emerging/restarting every year.
So periodicals are pretty wild, but more by degree/taking this weird tactic further than actually doing something unusual for North American cicadas!